Posted December 19, 2003

Challenging the view that the reference to "God" in the Pledge of Allegiance, like the similar references to the "Creator" in the Declaration of Independence, is permissible only if they are of merely historical interest, John Eastman argues in the brief filed in the Pledge of Allegiance case on behalf of The Claremont Institute's Center for Constitutional Jurisprudence that the public acknowledgement of God was viewed by the founders as an essential component of the civic virtue necessary to sustain free government.

A new brief was filed on December 19, 2003, before the Supreme Court of the United States by John C. Eastman, Edwin C. Meese III, and Philip J. Griego.

Go to:

• Claremont Institute Amicus Brief in Elk Grove v. Newdow. (December 19, 2003)
  
• Opinion of the 9th Circuit Court (pdf)
  
• Claremont Institute Amicus Brief in the case of Newdow v. U.S. Congress (pdf)

• Religion and the "Endorsement" Clause, by V. Phillip Muñoz
  
• Courts Show Us the Crisis of Our Time, by Tom Krannawitter